Unit 3 Attitude.ppt.Convertor
Unit 3 Attitude towards Life
Content：
1.Learn to Communicate
Poem Appreciation
Group Discussion
A Song
Reaction to Trouble
Video Watching
2.Text Learning
New Words & Expressions
Reading Questions
Text Structure
Text Understanding
3.Exercises
Reading Comprehension
Vocabulary
Learn to Communicate
Poem Appreciation
Read the following poem. And then discuss with each other what kind of attitude we shall take towards life.
Life
by Langston Hughes
Life can be good,
Life can be bad,
Life is mostly cheerful
But sometimes sad.
Life can be dreams,
Life can be great thoughts,
Life can mean a person,
Sitting in court.
Life can be dirty,
Life can even be painful,
But life is what you make it,
So try to make it beautiful.
生活
——兰斯顿·休斯
生活可能美满，
生活可能悲伤，
生活常常充满欢乐，
但有时令人沮丧。
生活可能是梦幻一场，
生活可能是智慧结晶；
生活也可能意味着一个人
成为被告。
生活可能丑陋，
生活甚至可能痛苦；
但生活是你自己创造，
所以应该努力创造幸福。
Poem Appreciation
Sample
As the poem suggested, life is always accompanied by something unpleasant. It is true of everyone. So, we’d better choose a positive attitude when we are met with misfortunes, rather than complain. In fact, life is what we are experiencing and feeling. In a word, it is up to us to make the life beautiful and meaningful.
Reaction to trouble
Attitude is of vital importance to a meaningful life. Suppose you were in the following two situations, how would you react?
1) You lost the job that you love most.
2) You were cheated by your best friend.
Reaction to Trouble
1) If I lost the job that I love most, firstly I may feel very sad or even depressed. But, I’ll try to accept it as a challenge and try other chances. And I am confident that I will find a better job as long as I don’t give up. And I’ll work harder.
Sample
2) If I were cheated by my best friend, I would feel very disappointed and heart-broken. Maybe I would never trust in others any more. However, if he/she didn’t really mean to do that, I would forgive him/her and forget it.
Sample
Group Discussion
Failure is very common in our daily life, for instance, a doctor sometimes fails in an operation and a researcher sometimes fails in an experiment. Is failure something good or bad? Have a discussion with your group members.
Group Discussion
As we all know “Failure is the mother of success”. From this point of view, failure is not a bad thing. In my opinion, we should take a positive attitude towards failure because it often acts as a good teacher. Most of us experience failures in our first try though few of us are so lucky as to succeed. For instance, when Thomas Edison tried to invent light bulb, he failed more than 5 000 times. However, he was never defeated by failure and at last he succeeded.
Failure tells us such things as why we failed and what we should do to correct the mistakes. Also, it is failure that teaches us how to approach our goal. All these make me regard failure as the best teacher. After we experience failures, one day when success comes we are stronger than before both in our ability and in our will-power. In fact, failure benefits us in many ways. So it is not something bad for us.
Learn to Communicate
Listen to the song and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
A Song
Let It Be
—from The Beatles
When I find myself in 1) _______ of trouble, mother Mary comes to me,
speaking words of 2) _________ , let it be.
And in my hour of darkness she is 3) ________ right in front of me,
speaking words of wisdom, let it be.
Let it be, let it be, let it be, let it be.
4) _________ words of wisdom, let it be.
And when the 5) ________ hearted people living in the world agree, there will be an answer, let it be.
For though they may be parted there is still a 6) ________ that they will see,
There will be an answer. Let it be. Let it be, let it be, ...
And when the night is cloudy, there is still a light, that shines on me, shine 7) _________ tomorrow, let it be.
I 8) __________ to the sound of music, mother Mary comes to me,
speaking words of wisdom, let it be.
Let it be, let it be, ...
Video Watching
Text Learning
New Words & Expressions
Word Study
attach v. 系，绑，贴；固定，连接；附着
Examples:
Be careful of the handle — it’s not very well attached.
当心那个把手，它接得不太牢。
I attach a copy of my notes for your information.
我附上笔记一份供你参考。
attach … to贴敷于，附属于
Examples:
She attached a cheque to the order form.
她在订货单上附了一张支票。
I got lost so I attached myself to another party of tourists.
我迷了路，所以只好加入另一个旅行团。
attach importance to…: to regard sth. as being important重视……
Examples:
She attaches great importance to regular exercise.
她对正规训练极为重视。
It would be unwise to attach too much importance to these opinion polls.
把这些民意测验看得过于重要是不明智的。
be attached to: to be fond of or feel a strong connection with喜欢，依恋
Examples:
I am deeply attached to this old car.
我非常喜欢这辆旧车。
她非常喜欢她的家。
She was so attached to her home.
adjust v. 调整，使适应
Examples:
Your tie needs adjusting.
你的领带需要整一整。
They will soon settle in—kids are very good adjusting.
他们很快就会适应下来，孩子们很会适应环境。
adjust … to…调整……以适应……
Examples:
It took several seconds for his eyes to adjust to the dark.
几秒钟以后他的眼睛才适应了黑暗。
他很快就使（自己）适应了这个国家的炎热气候。
He adjusted (himself) very quickly to the heat of the country.
adjustment n. 调整
Examples:
We made a few minor adjustments to our plan.
我们对计划作了些微调。
She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.
婚姻破裂后，她熬过了一段感情调整期。
familiar a. generally seen, known or experienced; common熟悉的，常见的，普通的
Examples:
The voice on the phone is quite familiar to me.
电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。
The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery.
住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种味道。
【反】 unfamiliar
be familiar with （人）对……很熟悉，通晓
Examples:
I am not very familiar with the new law.
我对新的法律不是很熟悉。
Are you familiar with the computer software they use?
你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？
familiarity n. 熟悉，精通
attempt v. / n. 试图，尝试，企图
Examples:
He attempted to leave but was stopped.
他试图离开，但被阻止了。
I passed my driving test at the third attempt.
我考到第三次才通过了驾驶考试。
Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.
为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂。
risk n. danger; possibility that something harmful may happen危险（性），风险
Examples:
There was a risk that the fire would break out again.
大火再烧起的危险仍然存在。
Smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease.
吸烟会增加得心脏病的危险。
at risk处于危险之中
Examples:
The disease is spreading, and all young children are at risk.
这种疾病正在蔓延，所有儿童都有被感染上的危险。
If we go to war, innocent lives will be put at risk.
如果我们发动战争，无辜的生命就会受到威胁。
take/run the risk (of doing sth.)冒险做某事
Examples:
Anyone who travels without a passport runs the risk of being arrested.
任何不带护照旅行的人都有被逮捕的危险。
You have to run/take a lot of risks if you want to succeed in business.
如果想在生意上取得成功，你就得冒许多风险。
risk v. to put in danger; take the chance of losing使遭受危险；冒失去……之险
Example:
You are risking your health by smoking.
你吸烟是拿你的健康去冒险。
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
They knew they risked being arrested.
他们知道自己冒着被捕的危险。
By criticizing the boss he risked losing his job.
他冒着丢饭碗的危险去批评老板。
occur v. to take place, happen发生
Examples:
Many accidents occur in the home.
许多事故都是在家里发生的。
发生了一件出乎意料的事。
Something unexpected occurred.
occur to: ( of an idea) come to one’s mind（主意）浮现于脑海，被想起
Examples:
The possibility that he might be wrong never occurred to me.
我根本没有想到他可能会错。
这个主意是他在梦中想到的。
The idea occurred to him in a dream.
potential n. possibility for developing潜力，潜能；可能性
Examples:
the potential for change
变革的可能性
This new invention has (an) enormous sales potential.
这项新发明有巨大的销售潜力。
potential a. 潜在的，有可能的
Examples:
a potential danger
潜在的危险
A number of potential buyers have expressed interest in the company.
很多潜在的客户都对该公司表示感兴趣。
accomplish v. to succeed in doing, finish successfully完成，实现
Examples:
She’s accomplished a great deal in the last few weeks.
在过去几周里，她完成了相当多的工作。
The students accomplished the task in less than ten minutes.
学生在不到10分钟的时间里就完成了作业。
accomplishment n. 实现；成就
negative a. without any active, useful, or helpful qualities消极的
Examples:
a negative attitude
消极的态度
You are so negative about everything.
你太消极了。
【反】positive
comment n. 评论，评语
Examples:
She made helpful comments on my work.
她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。
Have you any comment to make about the cause of the disaster?
你对发生灾难的原因有何评论？
comment
v. to give an opinion评论，发表意见
Examples:
I don’t feel I can comment on their decision.
我觉得我无法对他们的决定做出评论。
The official refused to comment on the matter.
官员拒绝对此事发表意见。
modify v. to change something slightly（指程度不大的）修改，更正
Examples:
The present law needs to be modified.
目前的这部法律需要稍作修改。
The office software has been modified over the years.
这个办公软件经过了多年的改进。
modification n.更改，改变，修改
quit v. to stop doing sth. and leave停止（做某事），辞职
Examples:
quit school
辍学
Her husband had to quit his job because of his ill health.
她丈夫由于身体不好，不得不辞去了工作。
I wish you’d all quit complaining.
我希望你们都别抱怨了。
interpret v. (as) to understand the likely meaning理解为，解释，阐明
Examples:
I interpret his silence as refusal.
我把他的沉默理解为拒绝。
The students were asked to interpret the poem.
学生们被要求诠释那首诗的意思。
interpretation n. 解释，阐明
obtain v. to get through efforts（尤指通过努力或计划）获得，得到
Examples:
Further information can be obtained from head office.
详细资料可从总部得到。
I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.
我终于设法弄到了这份报告的一个副本。
benefit
n. anything that brings help, advantage, or profit好处，益处，恩惠
Examples:
The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.
新规章将使所有相关人员受益。
This aid program has brought lasting benefits to the region.
这一援助计划给该地区带来了长期利益。
benefit
v. to be useful or helpful to; to gain advantage, receive benefit有利于；获益，受益，得到好处
Examples:
The small businesses have benefited greatly from the fall in interest rates.
小企业因利率下降而得到了很大的好处。
Who is most likely to benefit from/by the old lady’s death?
谁最可能因那老妇人去世而获益呢？
beneficial a. 有益的，有利的
classic
a. of the highest quality or class最优秀的，第一流的，经典的
Examples:
a classic piece of works
一流的典范作品
This film is a classic western movie.
这是一部经典的西部影片。
n. 经典作品，杰作，著作
Shakespeare’s plays are among the great classics of English literature.
莎士比亚的戏剧是英国文学中的经典著作。
Text Learning
Reading Questions
1. Usually, how would people react to failure? What’s the author’s suggestion?
2. As we all know, Thomas Edison, a great inventor, failed over 5000 times when he tried to invent the light bulb. What’s his attitude towards his failure?
Text Structure
Part One (Para. 1～2)
Failure is only feedback.
Part Two (Para. 3～6)
We learn by failure, as failure provides us with
valuable learning experience.
Part Three (Para. 7～8)
We should deal with failure in a positive way.
Text Understanding
1 Does the thought of failure send a cold shiver down your spine? Failure is the thing most of us spend the greatest amount of energy trying to avoid. What is failure?
Failure is Only Feedback
Text Understanding
2 In reality, when you strip away all the emotions attached to the word, failure is only feedback. Failure means that we tried a strategy and it did not work. So what should we do? It’s simple. We should try something else.
Text Understanding
3 Human beings learn by failure, by understanding what does not work, and by continuing to adjust their strategies until they find out what does work. As young children, we were very familiar with “failure” when we were trying to learn how to walk. How many of us decided one day “Gee, the walking that those adults do looks pretty interesting. I think I’ll do it too.” And then we got up without a hitch and started walking？
Text Understanding
Hardly. All of us made countless attempts trying to find out what to do so we could walk without constantly falling down. As we were learning to walk, we received constant support and praise from the adults in our lives to keep on trying.
Text Understanding
4 Then somewhere down the line we were taught not to take risks, to play it safe, to only do what we knew would bring us success. We have been taught that if we try something and it does not work out as we planned, some terrible event will occur. People will point to us and say, “Look at him. He tried to do that, but he failed.” Oh the shame. So most people will play it safe and never strive to reach their full potential because they might fail.
Text Understanding
5 It is true that when we strive to do something that is new for us, we might fail. As a matter of fact, we might fail many times, but only by risking failure will we ever be able to grow. People might also remind us of our failures and tell us they knew it would not work. These people never fail because they never try to accomplish anything with their lives. If you are failing, at least you are doing something.
Text Understanding
6 If you are failing, you are in great company. Most of the super achievers in history failed more often than anyone else. The difference is that they did not let the failure (or the negative comments from others) defeat them. They just continued to modify their strategies until they found what worked. They did not quit. They knew what they wanted and they did not give up until they achieved their goal.When Thomas Edison was attempting to discover the light bulb he was not met with much support from the scientific community. As a matter of fact, they thought he was crazy to try to invent something that was clearly impossible. A young reporter interviewed Edison and asked him, “Mr. Edison, how can you continue to try to invent the light bulb when you have failed over 5 000 times.”To which Thomas Edison replied, “Young man, I have not failed 5 000 times. I have successfully discovered 5 000 ways that do not work and I do not need to try them again.” This is a great way to interpret failure — as a learning experience.
Text Understanding
7 A powerful way to deal with failure is to ask yourself “What is or could be positive in this situation?” This allows you to obtain some benefit from the experience and then to move on. Very often, we achieve our greatest success right after we have experienced our worst defeat. Nathaniel Hawthorne was a published writer, although he had never achieved remarkable success in the field. Then in 1849, a turning point occurred in his life — he lost his full time job. He dedicated the following year to writing The Scarlett Letter which became a classic novel in American Literature. Hawthorne turned a defeat into success.
8 The bottom line is that we should embrace “failure” . Because if we are failing, we are learning; and if we are learning, we are growing. And growing is really what life is all about.
Summary
In daily life, people try harder to 1)______ failure. However, in fact, failure 2)__________ us with valuable learning experience. Failure can motivate people to move on and to try best to reach our full 3)________. We should neither be afraid of failure nor be 4)________ by negative 5)__________ form others. Instead, we’d better 6)__________ failure as learning experience from which we should try to 7)_______ benefit. The bottom line is that we should take a 8)________attitude towards failure as it is only feedback.
Answer: Usually, failure is the thing most of us spend the greatest amount of energy trying to avoid. Even, the thought of failure send a cold shiver down our spine. In the author’s opinion, failure just means that we tried a strategy and it did not work. We should try something else.
Samples for Reading Questions
Usually, how do people react to failure? What’s the author’s suggestion?
Answer: He thought he has just successfully discovered 5 000 ways that do not work and he need not to try them again. He didn’t regard that as failure but as a learning experience.
2. As we all know, Thomas Edison, a great inventor, failed over 5 000 times when he tried to invent the light bulb. What’s his attitude towards his failure?
Language Points:
1.Does the thought of failure send a cold shiver down your spine?
意为：一想到……
send a cold shiver down one’s spine 意为“令某人感到毛骨悚然”
译文：一想到失败，你会不会感到背上一阵阵发冷？
spend sometime (in) doing something.
Examples:
1) Most of her life was spent in caring for others.
她大部分的时间都用来照顾别人了。
2) I spend too much time watching television.
我看电视花的时间太多。
2.Failure is the thing most of us spend the greatest amount of energy trying to avoid.
Human beings learn by failure, by understanding what does not work, and by continuing to adjust their strategies until they find out what does work.
三个“by”短语，并列作方式状语修饰learn。continuing to adjust their strategies意为“不断调整策略”。
译文：人们通过失败，明白哪些方法无效，进而继续调整策略直至找到解决方法。
3.Gee, the walking that those adults do looks pretty interesting.
do表示强调，用来加强语气
Examples:
I don’t have a car, but I do have a motorcycle.
我没有汽车，但是我有摩托车。
2. No one expect you to be perfect, but we do expect you to do your best always.
没人指望你完美无缺，但是我们盼望你永远尽最大的努力。
4.All of us made countless attempts trying to find out what to do so we could walk without constantly falling down.
译文：我们尝试了无数次，企图弄明白到底怎样走才不会一次又一次地跌倒。
分词作目的状语
so引导的是目的状语从句
5.Then somewhere down the line we were taught not to take risks, to play it safe, to only do what we knew would bring us success.
译文：然而在我们成长的某个阶段，我们被告知不要冒险，要谨慎行事，要做那些我们早就知道能够给我们带来成功的事情。
not to take risks, to play it safe, to only do…三个不定式短语并列作we were taught的补语
指在生活中的某个阶段
6.As a matter of fact, we might fail many times, but only by risking failure will we ever be able to grow.
译文：事实上，我们会失败许多次，但是只有冒着失败的风险，我们才能不断地成长。
为only引导的倒装句，当副词only放在句首，修饰状语成分时，主句中主谓要倒装； risk failure意为“冒着失败的风险”。
Examples:
1. Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard.
他只有大声喊才能让人听到。
2. Only if I get the job will I have enough money to go to school.
我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。
7.If you are failing, you are in great company.
意为“有人陪伴”
译文：如果你处于失败的处境，你并不孤独。
Meaning: Just like you, there are manypeople have experience of failure.
8.This allows you to obtain some benefit from the experience and then to move on.
指的是上文“trying to look for the positive elements in failing situation”。
译文：这样你会从一次次失败的经历中获益，不断进步。
9.He dedicated the following year to writing The Scarlet Letter which became a classic novel in American Literature.
译文：于是在随后的一年里，他集中精力撰写《红字》，这部小说后来成了美国文学史上的一部经典著作。
dedicate…to…意为“把……奉献于……”
which引导的定语从句修饰The Scarlet Letter。
Reading Comprehension
1. According to the author, what does failure really mean?
Answer: Failure means that we tried a strategy and it did not work. So what should we do? And we should try something else. Failure is only feedback.
2. Is failure something bad to us human beings?
Answer: No. Human beings learn by failure, by understanding what does not work, and by continuing to adjust their strategies until they find out what does work.
3. Why did people teach us not to take risk?
Answer: Because people believe that if we try something and it does not work out as we planned, some terrible event will occur.
4. According to the author, is it worthy to experience failure?
Answer: Yes. Only by risking failure will we be able to grow.
5. What’s the reaction of the super achievers in history towards failure?
Answer: They did not let the failure defeat them. They just continued to modify their strategies until they found what worked. They knew what they wanted and they did not give up until they achieved their goal.
6. When Thomas Edison was attempting to discover the light bulb, did he get support from the scientific community?
Answer: No. He was not met with much support from the scientific community. As a matter of fact, they thought he was crazy to try to invent something that was clearly impossible.
7. According to the author, what’s the effective way to deal with failure?
Answer: The effective way is to ask yourself “What is or could be positive in this situation?”
8. In 1849, what happened to Hawthorne? How did he react?
Answer: In 1849, he lost his full time job. He dedicated the following year to writing The Scarlett Letter which became a classic novel in American Literature. Hawthorne turned a defeat into success.
9. Why should we embrace failure?
Answer: Because if we are failing, we are learning; and if we are learning, we are growing. And growing is really what life is all about.